At present, lasers are generally divided into the following types: chemical lasers, gas lasers, free electron lasers, all-solid-state lasers, semiconductor lasers, fiber lasers.
Gas Laser (CO2) : Wavelength 10.6um, has advantages in non-metallic processing. The disadvantages are low conversion efficiency, inconvenient maintenance and large volume
All-solid-state Laser: A wide range of wavelengths (ultraviolet, blue, yellow, green, near-infrared, mid-infrared) can be obtained by nonlinear optical methods. The monopulse energy can be very high, and the beam quality at high power is difficult to do well. The disadvantages are high heat dissipation requirements, spatial structure stability and maintenance inconvenience, and slightly larger volume.
Semiconductor Laser: many kinds of wavelength, can be made into high-power machines, can also be fiber coupled output. High efficiency, small size, the disadvantage is that it is not easy to do short pulse, beam quality is difficult to do well. High power semiconductor laser is uesd more on laser welding and laser cladding , and it's not used on laser cutting.
Fiber Laser: Less wavelength types, high power and high beam quality can be at the same time. The conversion efficiency is high. The stability is high.The volume is relatively small. The disadvantage is that it is difficult to release high pulse energy (compared to solids, there are currently more than 100mJ of energy).
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